In delivering mothers, (Patient, P), does post-neonatal care i.e. psychotherapy, timely medicinal assistance (I), compared to the conventional post-partum care (C ) has resulted in better mother’s health, decreased neonatal illness (O) and complications in last one year (T).

Benefit from a PICO (T) Approach

For validating a specific study, the PICOT approach is applied in the form of well-formulated research inquiries. It helps to recognize the studies, interventions, and applied evidence-based practice and summarize the impact of post-partum and neonatal care interventions. It also helps to identify the inquiries, interests, and problems underlying the healthcare intervention (Tukayo et al., 2022). Therefore, using the PICOT framework sensibly can solve a healthcare issue with better patient outcomes. 

In the first step, PICOT analysis identifies the “P” which stands for population, and in the case of a healthcare setting, it is a patient i.e., a pregnant woman or a new mother. These PICOT questions assist in identifying the particular intervention and its effectiveness (McClinton, 2022).

In the second step “I” which stands for intervention is defined with respect to a particular issue like the implementation of psychological therapies for better treating the mental state of a new mother (McClinton, 2022). PICOT also compares the new intervention with the conventional one for a better understanding of the effect. In this particular case, psychological therapies are a new intervention after delivery that will improve the state of mind of a new mother. Before that, there was no such intervention instead women were supposed to improve their states on their own. By adopting this new intervention, there will be a reduction in maternal and neonatal complications.

The PICOT framework assists in achieving specific results which include quality patient care, a decrease in neonatal mortality, reduced illnesses, motivation for breastfeeding, and of course for saving the costs for a healthcare organization (McClinton, 2022). It also helps to achieve the particular goals during a specified time period. In this scenario, the outcomes can be monitored for 1 year, and post-partum and neonatal issues can be reduced and managed.

Sources of Evidence

PICOT framework is evaluating the impact of increased maternal and neonatal care (psychological therapies and new neonatal handling techniques) in comparison to the conventional post-natal handling within the timeframe of 1 year.

Effective medication and psychotherapy can prevent pre- and post-partum depression at an early age. During pregnancy and right after giving birth, a woman undergoes many psychological, physical, and emotional changes due to which she feels herself stranded and considers motherhood a difficult task. The time period for post-partum is twelve weeks during which a Primary Care Physician (PCP) works on a community basis to provide post-partum care to women. This post-partum care has a positive impact on overall neonatal and maternal health (Poon et al., 2021). In the early postpartum period, when a mother is discharged from the hospital, she should be provided with healthcare help to better understand breastfeeding. Even in the later post-partum period, women require assistance with breastfeeding issues. In the conventional health services, these issues were left unintended which made many new mothers reluctant to breastfeed.  In maternal and neonatal care, post-partum therapies can help to improve this state of the mother and can prevent a child from suffering from different illnesses. Identifying maternal issues, neonatal mortality, and morbidity, the Alliance of Innovation in Maternal Health, USA has compiled a group for interdisciplinary teams to provide maternal care in form of a bundle. This bundle works from birth to the post-partum period in which workers work by “Readiness, Responsiveness, Reporting, and Recognizing” (Stuebe et al., 2020).

There are a number of valuable guidelines published by international and well-reputed organizations like the World Health Organization (WHO), United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF), Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Maternal Health Task Force and National Institute of Health (NIH) provide assistance on neonatal and maternal interventions to avoid complications. Furthermore, there are many electronic toolkits that are helping new mothers to connect with the community and seek professional assistance on their every issue. Healthcare providers can have better access to all sorts of information through these toolkits and web-based resources (Patterson et al., 2021).  

         Outcomes reported by different patients worldwide, different qualitative and quantitative researches help to provide valuable knowledge on pre- and post-partum experiences, prevention, intervention, challenges, and the role of facilitators. Also, web-based interventions are increasing the well-being of mothers and newborn’s health (Mu et al., 2020). Furthermore,